Typeface superfamilies began to emerge when foundries began to include typefaces with significant structural differences, but some design relationship, under the same general family name. PT Serif (above) and PT Sans (below) from the PT font superfamily, showing the similarities in letter structure. Some became superfamilies as a result of revival, such as Linotype Syntax, Linotype Univers while others have alternate styling designed as compatible replacements of each other, such as Compatil, Generis. Later examples include Futura, Lucida, ITC Officina. The first "extended" font families, which included a wide range of widths and weights in the same general style emerged in the early 1900s, starting with ATF's Cheltenham (1902–1913), with an initial design by Bertram Grosvenor Goodhue, and many additional faces designed by Morris Fuller Benton. In the metal type era, a font also meant a specific point size, but with digital scalable outline fonts this distinction is no longer valid, as a single font may be scaled to any size. For example, a given typeface such as Arial may include roman, bold, and italic fonts. The distinction between font and typeface is that a font designates a specific member of a type family such as roman, boldface, or italic type, while typeface designates a consistent visual appearance or style which can be a "family" or related set of fonts. Font families typically include several fonts, though some, such as Helvetica, may consist of dozens of fonts. For example, Times is a font family, whereas Times Roman, Times Italic and Times Bold are individual fonts making up the Times family. A font family is typically a group of related fonts which vary only in weight, orientation, width, etc., but not design. The design of characters in a font took into account all these factors.Īs the range of typeface designs increased and requirements of publishers broadened over the centuries, fonts of specific weight (blackness or lightness) and stylistic variants (most commonly regular or roman as distinct to italic, as well as condensed) have led to font families, collections of closely related typeface designs that can include hundreds of styles. Historically, fonts came in specific sizes determining the size of characters, and in quantities of sorts or number of each letter provided. For example, 8-point Caslon Italic was one font, and 10-point Caslon Italic was another.
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In professional typography, the term typeface is not interchangeable with the word font (originally "fount" in British English, and pronounced "font"), because the term font has historically been defined as a given alphabet and its associated characters in a single size. Before the advent of digital typography and desktop publishing, the two terms had more clearly understood meanings. The term typeface is frequently confused with the term font. There are typefaces tailored for special applications, such as map-making or astrology and mathematics. Roman uppercase A looks the same as Cyrillic uppercase А and Greek uppercase alpha. The same glyph may be used for characters from different scripts, e.g. In digital typography, type designers are sometimes also called font developers or font designers.Įvery typeface is a collection of glyphs, each of which represents an individual letter, number, punctuation mark, or other symbol. Designers of typefaces are called type designers and are often employed by type foundries. The art and craft of designing typefaces is called type design. It is a different font from "ITC Garamond Condensed Italic" and "ITC Garamond Bold Condensed," but all are fonts within the same typeface, "ITC Garamond." ITC Garamond is a different typeface from "Adobe Garamond" or "Monotype Garamond." (These are all alternative updates or digitisations of the typeface Garamond, originally created in the 16th century.) There are thousands of different typefaces in existence, with new ones being developed constantly. For example, "ITC Garamond Bold Condensed Italic" means the bold, condensed-width, italic version of ITC Garamond. Each font of a typeface has a specific weight, style, condensation, width, slant, italicization, ornamentation, and designer or foundry (and formerly size, in metal fonts). In typography, a typeface (also known as font family) is a set of one or more fonts each composed of glyphs that share common design features. Printed by William Caslon, letter founder from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. A Specimen, a broadsheet with examples of typefaces and fonts available.
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